Ch 13. How to do surveys

Types of Questions

• open ended questions

Please indicate what you think might be the best route toward reducing student's test-taking anxiety.

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Advantages

• do not impose researcher's view



• less limited responses possible

Disadvantages

• content analysis





• fixed alternative questions/closed ended
• Yes/no







• N ominal categories







• Likert



• semantic differential

General concerns

• ambiguity



• order effects



• context



• leading questions



• pretesting

How to administer the survey

• interviews



• telephone



• mail

Sampling

• goal









• Types
• simple random sampling



• systematic sampling



• stratified random sampling

• cluster sampling

• multistage sampling



• convenience sampling



• quota

Sample size